Transforming growth factor (TGF) family members play an important role in the regulation of the integrity of the cornea, and the pathogenesis of fibrosis cornea. Currently, there are no effective agents targeting TGF-β signaling to reduce corneal fibrosis. Glucosamine (GlcN), which are widely used in the treatment of osteoarthritis, cancel the morphological effects of TGF-β2 in the cells of the retinal pigmented epithelium in disease model mice. Here, we sought to determine whether GlcN will provide beneficial effects on TGF-β1-induced corneal fibrosis.
In human corneal fibroblasts (HCF) is treated with GlcN, expression Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) and downstream signaling effects specified in presence and absence of TGF-β1 using immunoblot analysis. We further explored GlcN inhibition of fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation through KLF4 siRNA. Effect of cycloheximide on protein levels of KLF4 with or without the administration of GlcN assessed to determine whether KLF4 protein.In GlcN affect the stability of health-care facilities, GlcN induced expression of KLF4, which regulated the maturation and maintenance of the ocular surface.
GlcN partially suppress the expression of TGF-β1-induced alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and reduced collagen contraction capacity in health care facilities, showed a decrease in fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation. This effect appears to be mediated through suppression of Smad2 phosphorylation and ERK-dependent signaling. KLF4 mRNA level increased by GlcN and decreased TGF-β1 and TGF-β1-induced expression of α-SMA mRNA was upregulated when KLF4 genes silenced. GlcN also appeared to stabilize KLF4 protein, reduce turnover in the cornea fibroblasts.
These findings explain the mechanism of a novel by which GlcN suppress TGF-β1-induced fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation through upregulation of KLF4 expression. current strategies for treating corneal fibrosis ineffective. Raised levels of KLF4 through the use of GlcN may provide an effective alternative to ease the development and progression of corneal fibrosis.
Fibroblasts growth factor receptor 4 (FGFR 4 ) were detected by immunohistochemistry associated with postoperative residual disease in ovarian cancer.
Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 4 (FGFR4) proposed to hold prognostic significance in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC). However, information about this comes from a large, representative patient panel is still missing, although such data would be necessary for compliance validation of FGFR4 as a prognostic marker or even a pharmacological target. 1063 cases of ovarian cancer were included in this study.
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed using two different anti-FGFR4 specific antibody (HPA027273, sc-124) on the automated staining system. IHC data from two FGFR4 antibodies were available from 995 cases. FGFR4 immunostaining correlated with survival prognostic factors included using proportional hazards models uni and multivariate analyzes. FGFR4 positively associated with advanced FIGO stage, high grade and presence of residual disease.
Description: MM-102 is an antagonist of MLL1 with IC50 value of 2.4nM [1].Mixed lineage leukemia 1 (MLL1) is a histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) methyltransferase.
Description: MM-102 is an antagonist of MLL1 with IC50 value of 2.4nM [1].Mixed lineage leukemia 1 (MLL1) is a histone H3 lysine 4 (H3K4) methyltransferase.
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This p38 antibody is for WB, IHC-P, IF, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of T180
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This p38 antibody is for WB, IHC-P, IF, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of T180
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This p38 antibody is for WB, IHC-P, IF, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of T180
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This p38 antibody is for WB, IF, IHC-P, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of Y182
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This p38 antibody is for WB, IF, IHC-P, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of Y182
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This p38 antibody is for WB, IF, IHC-P, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of Y182
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This p38 antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of T180/Y182
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This p38 antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of T180/Y182
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This p38 antibody is for WB, IHC-P, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of T180/Y182
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This p38 antibody is for WB, IHC-P, IF, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of Y323
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This p38 antibody is for WB, IHC-P, IF, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of Y323
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat. This p38 antibody is for WB, IHC-P, IF, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from human p38 around the non-phosphorylation site of Y323
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat, Chicken. This p38 antibody is for WB, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from the C-terminal region of human p38
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat, Chicken. This p38 antibody is for WB, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from the C-terminal region of human p38
Description: A polyclonal antibody for detection of p38 from Human, Mouse, Rat, Chicken. This p38 antibody is for WB, ELISA. It is affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogenand is unconjugated. The antibody is produced in rabbit by using as an immunogen synthesized peptide derived from the C-terminal region of human p38
Description: p38 is a protein encoded by the MAPK14 gene which is approximately 41,2 kDa. p38 is localised to the cytoplasm and nucleus. It is involved in activated TLR4 signalling, the IL-2 pathway, toll-like receptor signalling pathways, the VEGF signalling pathway and 4-1BB pathway. This protein falls under the MAP kinase family. It acts as an integration point for multiple biochemical signals, and is involved in a wide variety of cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, transcription regulation and development. This kinase is activated by various environmental stresses and proinflammatory cytokines. p38 is expressed in the brain, heart, placenta, pancreas and skeletal muscle. Mutations in the MAPK14 gene may result in patellar tendinitis and lumbosacral lipoma. STJ94878 was affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogen. This polyclonal antibody detects endogenous levels of p38 protein.
When the development of the free (PFS) of FGFR4 negative vs positive patients compared to patients scored as positive FGFR4 significantly shortened PFS compared with those who negatively stained. All associations FGFR4 and shortened PFS lost for multivariate testing. No significant association was found in the OS.
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